The skin is divided into two main layers. These include:
epidermis (outer layer)
dermis (inner layer)
The epidermis contains three types of cells. On the surface are flat cells, known as squamous cells. Under these are round cells called basal cells. In between the basal cells are melanocytes.
The dermis contains nerve endings, blood vessels, and oil and sweat glands. It’s held together by a protein called collagen.
The hypodermis (subcutaneous fat and connective tissue) attaches the skin to bone and muscles, as well as supplying blood vessels and nerves.
The skin is the largest organ in the body with many purposes including:
acting as a barrier to protect the body from injury and infection
helping to maintain the body’s temperature
protecting the body from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) light
keeping necessary fluids and proteins in the body
detecting the sensations of touch, heat and cold.
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